{"id":4470,"date":"2018-08-14T10:21:12","date_gmt":"2018-08-14T08:21:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/skyteamaviation.com\/%d9%87%d9%8a%d9%83%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ac%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%ad-wing-structure\/"},"modified":"2026-04-22T00:18:12","modified_gmt":"2026-04-21T22:18:12","slug":"%d9%87%d9%8a%d9%83%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ac%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%ad-wing-structure","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/skyteamaviation.com\/ar\/%d9%87%d9%8a%d9%83%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ac%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%ad-wing-structure\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d (Wing Structure): \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><b>\u0645\u0645\u0651 \u064a\u064f\u0635\u0646\u064e\u0639 \u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629\u061f<\/b><\/h2>\n<p class=\"p3\">\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0626\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0627\u064b: \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648. \u0644\u0643\u0646 <span class=\"s2\"><b>\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d<\/b><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0649 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0637\u0651\u062d. \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0640 Lift\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0649 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0651\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0651 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0642\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0651\u0631\u0629. \u064a\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0640 FAA \u0623\u0646 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u064f\u0635\u0645\u064e\u0651\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u062d\u0629 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p3\">\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0645 <span class=\"s2\"><b>\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d<\/b><\/span> \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d\u0627\u064b \u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637. \u0647\u0649 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0640 Lift \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0640 Drag \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 (Stall). \u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a NASA \u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0651\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0640 Lift \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0640 Drag\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u064f\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u064f\u0624\u062f\u0651\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p3\">\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n<h3><b>\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0626 \u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/b><\/h3>\n<figure style=\"width: 1280px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh4.googleusercontent.com\/GsjkZufHIsHW_b7k36IDiHD2Xq9b7lQptdZ73XazE-IsMJREHaXQd1Q5tRkL91L6eMMZlehnULwrVXRruWMkSRGzgu-zlL-IACW9yM6sySX81KMSeD_3ZVM_ooN92dm-j9O5bzpc\" alt=\"\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629: \u0645\u0646 Ailerons \u0625\u0644\u0649 Flaps\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\n<p class=\"p1\"><b>\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d<\/b><\/p>\n<\/th>\n<th>\n<p class=\"p1\"><b>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648<\/b><\/p>\n<\/th>\n<th>\n<p class=\"p1\"><b>\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0627\u064b<\/b><\/p>\n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p class=\"p1\">Spar (\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p class=\"p1\">\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0628 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0649 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0649 \u064a\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0651 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p class=\"p1\">\u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p class=\"p1\">Rib (\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0644\u0639)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p class=\"p1\">\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u064e\u0631\u0636\u0649 \u064a\u0639\u0637\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d \u0634\u0643\u0644\u0647<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p class=\"p1\">\u064a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0640 Airfoil \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0649<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p class=\"p1\">Stringer<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p class=\"p1\">\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0628 \u0637\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0640 Spar<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p class=\"p1\">\u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0640 Skin \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062c<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p class=\"p1\">Skin (\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p class=\"p1\">\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p class=\"p1\">\u064a\u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0649 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0651\u0644 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p class=\"p1\">Leading Edge<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p class=\"p1\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p class=\"p1\">\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0651\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p class=\"p1\">Trailing Edge<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p class=\"p1\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p class=\"p1\">\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0640 Ailerons \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0640 Flaps<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p class=\"p1\">Wing Root<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p class=\"p1\">\u062c\u0630\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p class=\"p1\">\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0640 Fuselage<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p class=\"p1\">Wingtip<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p class=\"p1\">\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u0649<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p class=\"p1\">\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644 Wingtip Vortices<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2><b>\u0627\u0644\u0640 Spar: \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d<\/b><\/h2>\n<p class=\"p1\">\u0627\u0644\u0640 Spar \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d. \u064a\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0630\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 (\u0623\u0648 \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646\u0647)\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0651\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0621 (Bending Loads) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0640 Lift. \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627 Spars \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0651\u062f\u0629:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Main Spar:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0642\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0641\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645\u062a\u0647<\/li>\n<li><strong>Rear Spar:<\/strong> \u062e\u0644\u0641\u0649\u060c \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0651\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648Mu\u0635\u062d\u0651 Flaps<\/li>\n<li><strong>Auxiliary Spars:<\/strong> \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062f\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 (\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0640 Lift)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0640 Spar \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0636 \u0644\u0634\u062f\u0651 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0649. \u064a\u0635\u0645\u064e\u0651\u0645 \u0644\u064a\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0651\u0644 \u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f.<\/p>\n<h2><b>\u0627\u0644\u0640 Ribs: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0636\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0650\u0651\u0644\u0629<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0640 Ribs \u0647\u0649 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u064e\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0637\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d \u0634\u0643\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0649. \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d \u0645\u062c\u0631\u0651\u062f \u0643\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0640 Skin \u0639\u0644\u0649 Spars. \u0627\u0644\u0640 Ribs \u062a\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0640 Airfoil \u0634\u0643\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062f \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0651\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Nose Ribs:<\/strong> \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<li><strong>Main Ribs:<\/strong> \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<li><strong>Wing Butt Ribs:<\/strong> \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062c\u0630\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d\u060c \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0651\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>\u0627\u0644\u0640 Stringers \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0640 Skin<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0640 Stringers \u0642\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0637\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0640 Spars\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0651\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0640 Airfoil. \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0640 Skin \u0648\u062a\u0645\u0646\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062c \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637. \u0627\u0644\u0640 Skin \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u0649 (\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0651\u0628) \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0651\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 (Stressed Skin Design).<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u064e\u0641 \u0628\u0640 Semi-Monocoque\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u0649 \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644. \u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 <a href=\"https:\/\/skyteamaviation.com\/ar\/%d9%87%d9%8a%d9%83%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d8%a7%d8%a6%d8%b1%d8%a9-aircraft-structure\/\">\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629<\/a> \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639.<\/p>\n<h2><b>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0651\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0639\u064a\u0650\u0651\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d<\/b><\/h2>\n<h3>Ailerons (\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u064a\u062d\u0627\u062a)<\/h3>\n<p>\u0633\u0637\u062d\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0646\u060c \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0651. \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0645\u0646\u060c \u064a\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0633\u0631. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0646\u062a\u0650\u062c Roll (\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644\u0649). \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u064e\u062e\u062f\u064e\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0641.<\/p>\n<h3>Flaps<\/h3>\n<p>\u0633\u0637\u0648\u062d \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0640 Lift \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u064e\u062e\u062f\u064e\u0645 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Plain Flap:<\/strong> \u0623\u0628\u0633\u0637 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u060c \u064a\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0651\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644<\/li>\n<li><strong>Split Flap:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u064a\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0651\u0649<\/li>\n<li><strong>Slotted Flap:<\/strong> \u0645\u0639 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 (\u0641\u0639\u0651\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631)<\/li>\n<li><strong>Fowler Flap:<\/strong> \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641 \u062b\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0651\u0649 (\u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631)<\/li>\n<li><strong>Double\/Triple Slotted:<\/strong> \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Slats (Leading Edge Devices)<\/h3>\n<p>\u0633\u0637\u0648\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0651\u062f \u0644\u062a\u0623\u062e\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0640 Stall. \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d \u0628\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u062c\u0648\u0645 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0640 Lift. \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>Spoilers<\/h3>\n<p>\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d. \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u064f\u0646\u0634\u064e\u0637\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0642\u0644\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0640 Lift \u0648 \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0640 Drag. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Ground Spoilers:<\/strong> \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637\u060c \u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n<li><strong>Flight Spoilers:<\/strong> \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0640 Ailerons \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Winglets<\/h3>\n<p>\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d \u0631\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0645\u0651\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0640 Induced Drag \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 Wingtip Vortices. \u062a\u062d\u0633\u0651\u0646 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 3-5%.<\/p>\n<h2><b>\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u062d\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644<\/b><\/h2>\n<h3>Straight Wing (\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u064a\u0645)<\/h3>\n<p>\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u062c\u064a\u0651\u062f \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629. \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644: Cessna 172.<\/p>\n<h3>Swept Wing (\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641)<\/h3>\n<p>\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u0649). \u064a\u0624\u062e\u0631 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a. \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644: Boeing 737, 747.<\/p>\n<h3>Delta Wing (\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0651\u062b)<\/h3>\n<p>\u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629. \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632 \u0641\u0649 Supersonic\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629. \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644: Concorde\u060c \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0644\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<h3>Variable Sweep Wing<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631 \u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629. \u0645\u064f\u0639\u0642\u064e\u0651\u062f \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0646. \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644: F-14 Tomcat.<\/p>\n<h3>Canard Wing<\/h3>\n<p>\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0649 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0642\u0649. \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u0649. \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644: Beechcraft Starship.<\/p>\n<h2><b>\u0627\u0644\u0640 Airfoil: \u0642\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0640 Airfoil \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064e\u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d. \u0634\u0643\u0644\u0647 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062f \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0640 Lift. \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0640 Airfoil:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Chord Line:<\/strong> \u062e\u0637 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 Leading Edge \u0625\u0644\u0649 Trailing Edge<\/li>\n<li><strong>Mean Camber Line:<\/strong> \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0644\u0649<\/li>\n<li><strong>Thickness:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064f\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0643\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0640 Chord<\/li>\n<li><strong>Camber:<\/strong> \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0640 Airfoil<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 Airfoils:<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Symmetric:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627\u0646. \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0644<\/li>\n<li><strong>Asymmetric\/Cambered:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0649 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b. \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<li><strong>High-Lift:<\/strong> Camber \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064d\u060c \u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629<\/li>\n<li><strong>Laminar Flow:<\/strong> \u0645\u0635\u0645\u064e\u0651\u0645 \u0644\u064a\u064f\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0651\u0629<\/b><\/h2>\n<h3>Aspect Ratio (\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639)<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 Span\u00b2 \u0648\u0640 Wing Area. Aspect Ratio \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649 = \u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0636\u064a\u0651\u0642 = \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0651\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644. Aspect Ratio \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 = \u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0631\u064a\u0636 = \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649.<\/p>\n<h3>Wing Loading (\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d)<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0651\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d. Wing Loading \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 = \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0644\u060c \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u064a\u0626\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>Taper Ratio<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 Tip Chord \u0625\u0644\u0649 Root Chord. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0631 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0633\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<h3>Dihedral Angle<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0642\u0649. \u064a\u064f\u062d\u0633\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0649.<\/p>\n<h2><b>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u062d\u0629<\/b><\/h2>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b. \u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0642\u0648\u0649\u060c \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0631\u062e\u064a\u0635\u060c \u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d. \u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0645\u062b\u0644 2024-T3 \u06487075-T6.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0651\u0628\u0629 (Composites)<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Carbon Fiber:<\/strong> \u0623\u062e\u0641\u0651 \u0648\u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0645\u064f\u0633\u062a\u064e\u062e\u062f\u064e\u0645 \u0641\u0649 Airbus A350 \u0648Boeing 787<\/li>\n<li><strong>Fiberglass:<\/strong> \u0623\u0631\u062e\u0635\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u062b\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 Carbon Fiber<\/li>\n<li><strong>Kevlar:<\/strong> \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645<\/h3>\n<p>\u0644\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u063a\u0627\u0644\u064d \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u064e\u0628\u062f\u064e\u0644 \u0641\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630<\/h3>\n<p>\u0623\u0642\u0644\u0651 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0641\u0649 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629 (Wing Attachments).<\/p>\n<h2><b>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0651\u0644 \u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0651\u0631\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0634\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628 (Fatigue Cracks):<\/strong> \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u064b \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 (Corrosion):<\/strong> \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0640 Rivets \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644:<\/strong> \u0623\u0649 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0644\u0641<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0651\u0645\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0640 Flap Tracks:<\/strong> \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 <a href=\"https:\/\/skyteamaviation.com\/ar\/%d9%81%d8%ad%d8%b5-%d9%85%d8%a7-%d9%82%d8%a8%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d9%8a%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%86\/\">\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/a> \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n<h2><b>\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062c \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0640 Skin \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0640 Drag<\/li>\n<li>\u062b\u0644\u062c \u0623\u0648 \u062c\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 Leading Edge \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0640 Lift \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0627\u064b<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0640 Rivets \u064a\u064f\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644<\/li>\n<li>Contaminated surface \u064a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0651\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>Fuel Storage \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>\u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u062a\u062e\u0632\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u062d\u0629 (Wet Wings). \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f<\/li>\n<li>\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0644<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u0649<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n<h2><b>\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0651\u0631 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0651\u0631 \u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u0649:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Wright Flyer (1903): \u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d \u062e\u0634\u0628-\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0634\u060c Biplane<\/li>\n<li>DC-3 (1936): \u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d \u0623\u0644\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645\u060c Monoplane<\/li>\n<li>Boeing 707 (1958): Swept Wing \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<li>Concorde (1976): Delta Wing \u0644\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u0649<\/li>\n<li>Boeing 787 (2011): Composite Wing\u060c Winglets \u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0629<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0639\u062c\u0632\u0629 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u0651\u0629. \u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629. \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0640 Spars \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0640 Ribs \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0640 Skin \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u062a\u0646\u0627\u063a\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0640 Lift \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0639\u0637\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u0637\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u064a\u064f\u062d\u0633\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0640 Preflight Inspection\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649. \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u0651\u062f \u0633\u0637\u062d \u2014 \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u064f\u0635\u0645\u064e\u0651\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064f\u0633\u0650\u0628 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0637\u0651\u062d. \u064a\u0648\u0644\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0640 Lift\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0651\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0651\u0644 \u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0651\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":1295,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4470","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-aircraft-structure"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/skyteamaviation.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4470","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/skyteamaviation.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/skyteamaviation.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/skyteamaviation.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/skyteamaviation.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4470"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/skyteamaviation.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4470\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4524,"href":"https:\/\/skyteamaviation.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4470\/revisions\/4524"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/skyteamaviation.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1295"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/skyteamaviation.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4470"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/skyteamaviation.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4470"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/skyteamaviation.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4470"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}