{"id":4465,"date":"2018-08-14T10:29:27","date_gmt":"2018-08-14T08:29:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/skyteamaviation.com\/%d8%a7%d8%ac%d9%87%d8%b2%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d9%8a%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%86-flight-instruments\/"},"modified":"2026-04-22T00:12:52","modified_gmt":"2026-04-21T22:12:52","slug":"%d8%a7%d8%ac%d9%87%d8%b2%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d9%8a%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%86-flight-instruments","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/skyteamaviation.com\/ar\/%d8%a7%d8%ac%d9%87%d8%b2%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d9%8a%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%86-flight-instruments\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 (Flight Instruments) 2026: \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0639\u062f\u0651\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><b>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u061f<\/b><\/h2>\n<p class=\"p3\">\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647. \u062a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0630\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u062e\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629. \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u064b \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u0649 \u064a\u0639\u0637\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b. \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d <span class=\"s2\"><b>\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/b><\/span> \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p3\">\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f <span class=\"s2\"><b>\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/b><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u0649 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627\u064b. \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631 \u0641\u0642\u0637\u060c \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 (Attitude) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639. \u064a\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0640 FAA \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0649 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3><b>\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/b><\/h3>\n<p class=\"p3\">\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u060c \u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u0649 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642. \u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 (Pitch) \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644 (Bank) \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0631\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u0627\u064b. \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 <span class=\"s2\"><b>\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/b><\/span> \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u0651\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629. \u0647\u0648 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p3\">\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u064a\u0647\u0645\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0642\u0633 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b. \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0649 \u064a\u0637\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u0649 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u0649 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0642 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 <a href=\"https:\/\/skyteamaviation.com\/ar\/%d8%af%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%84-%d9%85%d8%a8%d8%b3%d8%b7-%d9%84%d9%84%d8%b7%d9%82%d8%b3-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%b9%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d9%8a%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%86\/\">\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0642\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646<\/a> \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639. \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629\u064b \u0643\u0644\u0651\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2><b>\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0627\u0631<\/b><\/h2>\n<p class=\"p3\">\u0627\u0644\u0640 <span class=\"s2\"><b>\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/b><\/span> \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0641\u0642\u0637. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629. \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u0649 \u0625\u0638\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n<h3><b>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629<\/b><\/h3>\n<p class=\"p3\">\u064a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629. \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0641\u0643\u0651\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0630\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0651\u0637\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0642. \u0648\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 <span class=\"s2\"><b>\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632<\/b><\/span> \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0649\u0621. \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0639\u0637\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2><b>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 (The Six Pack)<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>\u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u062a\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0651\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u0649 \u0646\u0645\u0637 2\u00d73 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0627\u0631. \u064a\u064f\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 &#8220;Six Pack&#8221; \u0648\u0647\u0649:<\/p>\n<table border=\"1\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><b>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632<\/b><\/th>\n<th><b>\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0633\u0647<\/b><\/th>\n<th><b>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645<\/b><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Airspeed Indicator (ASI)<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>Pitot-Static<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Altimeter<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0636\u063a\u0637<\/td>\n<td>Pitot-Static<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Vertical Speed Indicator (VSI)<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637<\/td>\n<td>Pitot-Static<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Attitude Indicator (AI)<\/td>\n<td>\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0642<\/td>\n<td>Gyroscopic<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Heading Indicator (HI)<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u0649<\/td>\n<td>Gyroscopic<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Turn Coordinator<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0651\u0644 \u0648\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0641<\/td>\n<td>Gyroscopic<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2><b>\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629<\/b><\/h2>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0640 Pitot-Static System<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u063a\u0630\u0651\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0640 ASI \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0640 Altimeter \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0640 VSI \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0643\u0646 (Static Pressure) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0640 Ram Air. \u0627\u0644\u0640 Pitot Tube (\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u064a\u062a\u0648) \u064a\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0637 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0640 Static Port (\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0643\u0646) \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637. \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064e\u0645 \u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645:<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Pitot Tube:<\/strong> \u064a\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649<\/li>\n<li><strong>Static Port:<\/strong> \u064a\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0643\u0646<\/li>\n<li><strong>Pitot Heat:<\/strong> \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062f<\/li>\n<li><strong>Alternate Static Source:<\/strong> \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0646\u0633\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0649<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u0623\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645:<\/h4>\n<p>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u0633\u062f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0640 Pitot Tube\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0640 ASI \u0643\u0640 Altimeter (\u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0648\u062f). \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u0633\u062f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0640 Static Port\u060c \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0637\u0649 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626\u0629. \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062e\u0651\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u064b \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0642\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0628.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0640 Gyroscopic System<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0640 AI \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0640 HI \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0640 Turn Coordinator \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0651\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a (Gyros) \u062a\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 (Rigidity). \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0641.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644:<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Vacuum (Suction):<\/strong> \u0645\u0636\u062e\u0651\u0629 \u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0651\u0627\u0631<\/li>\n<li><strong>Electric:<\/strong> \u062f\u0648\u0651\u0627\u0631 \u064a\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0651\u0643 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0649<\/li>\n<li><strong>Pneumatic:<\/strong> \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0651\u0643<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>\u0627\u0644\u0640 Airspeed Indicator (ASI) \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064f\u0642\u062f (Knots) \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u064a\u0644\/\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629. \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0640 Pitot \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0640 Static. \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>IAS (Indicated Airspeed):<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629<\/li>\n<li><strong>CAS (Calibrated Airspeed):<\/strong> \u0645\u0635\u062d\u0651\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n<li><strong>TAS (True Airspeed):<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 (\u0645\u0635\u062d\u0651\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629)<\/li>\n<li><strong>GS (Ground Speed):<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 (\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>V-Speeds \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0640 ASI:<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Vne:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647\u0627<\/li>\n<li><strong>Vno:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0649<\/li>\n<li><strong>Va:<\/strong> \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0629<\/li>\n<li><strong>Vfe:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0639 Flaps \u0645\u0645\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629<\/li>\n<li><strong>Vs:<\/strong> \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 (Stall)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>\u0627\u0644\u0640 Altimeter \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632. \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>QNH:<\/strong> \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0651\u0644 \u2014 \u064a\u0639\u0637\u0649 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631<\/li>\n<li><strong>QFE:<\/strong> \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u2014 \u064a\u0639\u0637\u0649 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631<\/li>\n<li><strong>1013.25 hPa (Standard):<\/strong> \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064e\u0645 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 (Transition Altitude)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0640 Altimeter \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u064f\u0646\u062a\u062c \u062e\u0637\u0623\u064b \u062e\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u064b \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0642\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f \u064a\u064f\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2><b>\u0627\u0644\u0640 Vertical Speed Indicator (VSI)<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0650\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0651\u0644 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0645\/\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629. \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0640:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0651\u0644 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0651\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0632\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062f\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0649 6-9 \u062b\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0649).<\/p>\n<h2><b>\u0627\u0644\u0640 Attitude Indicator (AI)<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u064e\u0641 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0640 Artificial Horizon. \u064a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0637\u0651\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0642\u060c \u0645\u064f\u0645\u062b\u0651\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0628\u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0649 \u0648\u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629. \u064a\u0639\u0637\u0649:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Pitch:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 (\u0623\u0646\u0641 \u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644)<\/li>\n<li><strong>Bank:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644 (\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0631)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0649. \u064a\u064f\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2><b>\u0627\u0644\u0640 Heading Indicator (HI)<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0650\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u0649. \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0646 Magnetic Compass \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0640 Gyro \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 (Precession). \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u064e\u0641 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0640 Directional Gyro \u0623\u0648 DG.<\/p>\n<h2><b>\u0627\u0644\u0640 Turn Coordinator<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0650\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0641:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Rate of Turn:<\/strong> \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0641 (2 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 = &#8220;Standard Rate Turn&#8221;)<\/li>\n<li><strong>Coordination Ball:<\/strong> \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0646\u0633\u0651\u0642\u0627\u064b (Ball centered) \u0623\u0648 Slip (Ball inside) \u0623\u0648 Skid (Ball outside)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629: &#8220;Step on the ball&#8221; \u2014 \u0627\u0636\u063a\u0637 Rudder \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0641.<\/p>\n<h2><b>Glass Cockpit: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0634\u0627\u0634\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0651\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>PFD (Primary Flight Display):<\/strong> \u064a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0629 \u0641\u0649 \u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629<\/li>\n<li><strong>MFD (Multi-Function Display):<\/strong> \u064a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0650\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0642\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<li><strong>EFIS (Electronic Flight Instrument System):<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629: Garmin G1000\u060c Avidyne Entegra\u060c \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 Boeing \u0648Airbus.<\/p>\n<h2><b>\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0651\u0629<\/b><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Magnetic Compass:<\/strong> \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0649\u060c \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627\u064b \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621<\/li>\n<li><strong>Engine Gauges:<\/strong> RPM\u060c Oil Pressure\u060c Oil Temp\u060c Fuel Flow<\/li>\n<li><strong>Navigation Instruments:<\/strong> VOR\u060c ADF\u060c GPS\u060c ILS indicators<\/li>\n<li><strong>Transponder:<\/strong> \u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 ATC<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>\u0645\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0629\u061f<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649 \u0641\u0649:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u2014 \u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 <a href=\"https:\/\/skyteamaviation.com\/ar\/%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b6%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%a8-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ba%d8%b7%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b3%d8%ad%d8%a7%d8%a8%d9%89\/\">\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628\u0649<\/a><\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0649<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062d\u0651\u062f\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0649 (IFR) \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 <a href=\"https:\/\/skyteamaviation.com\/ar\/%d9%86%d8%b8%d8%a7%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%87%d8%a8%d9%88%d8%b7-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a2%d9%84%d9%89-ils\/\">ILS<\/a> \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>Instrument Scan: \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0641\u0646\u0651. \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Selective Radial Scan:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0640 AI \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649<\/li>\n<li><strong>Control-Performance Method:<\/strong> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0640 AI \u0648\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621<\/li>\n<li><strong>Primary-Supporting Method:<\/strong> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0641\u062d\u0648\u0635\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Pitot-Static Check \u0643\u0644 24 \u0634\u0647\u0631<\/li>\n<li>Transponder Check \u0643\u0644 24 \u0634\u0647\u0631<\/li>\n<li>Altimeter Check \u0645\u0639 \u0643\u0644 Pitot-Static<\/li>\n<li>Vacuum System Check \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0625\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0639 (\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0637)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0629<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0649 \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631. \u0625\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064b (Scan Technique) \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646. \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 Glass Cockpit\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u0651\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646. \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u064a\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642. \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0649 \u064a\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0631\u0623\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u2014 \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u0633 \u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0649. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0637\u064a\u0651\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0651\u0637 \u0648\u0637\u064a\u0651\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632.<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 Instrument Rating \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u2014 \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u0627\u064b \u2014 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":1300,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4465","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cockpit"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/skyteamaviation.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4465","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/skyteamaviation.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/skyteamaviation.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/skyteamaviation.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/skyteamaviation.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4465"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/skyteamaviation.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4465\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4522,"href":"https:\/\/skyteamaviation.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4465\/revisions\/4522"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/skyteamaviation.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1300"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/skyteamaviation.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4465"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/skyteamaviation.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4465"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/skyteamaviation.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4465"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}